1、Enhancing Maize Production Through Timely Nutrient Supply: The

This study aimed to analyse foliar fertiliser formulation research directions and their application in maize production. A literature search was conducted in the Web of Science (WoS) database.

2、Effects of different fertilization practices on maize yield, soil

In conclusion, rational fertilization can improve the soil nutrient content and increase maize yield. The combined application of chemical and organic fertilizer showed the greatest increase...

3、Biofortification of different maize cultivars with zinc, iron and

In conclusion, we found that a foliar application of a cocktail solution including Zn, Fe, Se and N was most effective for biofortification, but that the grains with the lowest yield contained the greatest concentration of these elements.

4、Effect of Foliar Micronutrients (B, Mn, Fe, Zn) on Maize Grain Yield

Foliar applications have several benefits which often make this method an ideal choice for application of micronutrients over soil applications.

5、Foliar nutrition: Potential and challenges under multifaceted

The potential of foliar fertilization in improving crop yield and quality under environmental stresses has been evaluated based on a meta-analysis. Foliar-applied fertilizers showed higher crop plants yield and quality traits by 15–19% and 9–29%, respectively, under different environmental stresses.

(PDF) Enhancing Maize Production Through Timely Nutrient Supply: The

The predominant nutrients that affected maize production were nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, zinc, iron, and manganese. The timely foliar application of nutrients corrected deficiencies...

Is Foliar Fertilization Effective During Maize Grain Filling Stage? How

Select the Appropriate Fertilizer: Choose foliar fertilizers based on maize growth stages and soil conditions, including common options like nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and microelement fertilizers.

Effects of Foliar Fertilization: a Review of Current Status and Future

Chelated foliar fertilizers are effective for improving element utilization efficiency, crop yield, and quality. The physicochemical properties, molecular structure, chelating strength, and chelating rate of chelating agents modulate the effects of application of nutrients.

Effect of Nutrient Forms in Foliar Fertilizers on the Growth and

This research aimed to evaluate how different chemical forms of key nutrients, delivered through an advanced foliar product (PRO) and a standard formulation (TRA), influence maize performance when grown on contrasting soil types.

The Effect of Foliar Micronutrient Fertilization on Yield and

This study hypothesized that foliar application of Fe, Cu, Mn, Mo, Zn and B would improve grain size and quality in GS210 maize compared to the control. The single-factor field experiment was...

Maize is one of the world’s most important food crops, and its yield and quality directly impact global food security. In agricultural production, foliar fertilization is a critical practice to enhance maize yield and quality. Foliar fertilizers, applied by spraying nutrients directly onto plant leaves, play a vital role during the late growth stages of maize. Proper selection and application of foliar fertilizers can significantly promote maize development, improve resilience, and boost both productivity and grain quality.

I. Selection of Foliar Fertilizers

1. Nitrogen Fertilizers

• Role: Nitrogen is essential for plant growth. In maize, adequate nitrogen promotes stem elongation, leaf expansion, and photosynthetic efficiency.
• Caution: Excessive nitrogen can cause excessive vegetative growth, reducing grain quality and yield. Application should be based on soil tests and crop conditions.
• Balance: Avoid interactions with phosphorus (P) or potassium (K) to prevent nutrient imbalances.

2. Phosphorus Fertilizers

• Role: Phosphorus strengthens root systems, enhances disease resistance, and supports carbohydrate synthesis and transport.
• Application: Use soil test results to guide dosage and avoid overapplication, which may lead to soil salinization.
• Efficiency: Foliar spraying improves phosphorus uptake compared to soil application.

3. Potassium Fertilizers

• Role: Potassium boosts photosynthetic efficiency, sugar accumulation, and grain quality.
• Dosage: Adjust based on soil tests and crop needs to prevent excess potassium leaching.
• Application: Foliar spraying ensures direct delivery of potassium to maize leaves.

4. Micronutrients

• Importance: Elements like boron (B), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and copper (Cu) regulate enzyme activity and are crucial for normal growth.
• Balance: Deficiencies or excesses in micronutrients harm yield and quality. Soil tests guide proper supplementation.
• Method: Foliar spraying efficiently addresses micronutrient deficiencies.

II. Application Methods for Foliar Fertilizers

1. Dilution Ratios

• Follow product instructions for optimal concentration. Ensure full dissolution of active ingredients.
• Different formulations may require specific dilution ratios; always read labels carefully.

2. Timing

• Best Times: Early morning or late evening when temperatures are cool, reducing evaporation and improving absorption.
• Avoid spraying during high winds, rain, or extreme heat to prevent wastage.

3. Spraying Technique

• Target the undersides or sides of leaves for better absorption. Avoid direct sprays on the leaf surface to prevent burning.
• Maintain a consistent distance from plants to minimize runoff and environmental contamination.

4. Dosage

• Adjust volume based on plant size, growth stage, and soil fertility. A typical recommendation is ≤500 ml per mu (approx. 667 m²) per application.
• Excessive use wastes resources and may harm ecosystems or human health.

III. Key Considerations

1. Soil Conditions

• Soil type, texture, and pH affect fertilizer absorption. For example, saline-alkaline soils may require specialized formulas or soil amendments.

2. Climate

• Temperature, humidity, and rainfall influence efficacy. In dry seasons, increase frequency or adjust intervals to ensure adequate moisture for absorption.

3. Crop Health

• Tailor applications to maize growth stages and health. Robust plants may need higher doses, while stressed or diseased plants require reduced or no fertilization.

4. Pest and Disease Management

• Foliar sprays may attract pests. Conduct pest monitoring before application.
• Discontinue use immediately if abnormalities (e.g., leaf burn) occur post-application.

Foliar fertilization during maize’s late growth stages is a strategic practice to improve yields and grain quality. By scientifically selecting and applying fertilizers—while considering soil, climate, and crop conditions—farmers can address nutritional gaps, mitigate stress, and achieve stable, high-quality production.