1、Biochar
By enhancing phosphorus bioavailability, MgO-augmented biochar not only addresses phosphorus fixation issues, but also establishes itself as a valuable asset for sustainable soil fertilization, potentially transforming citrus production practices in phosphorus-deficient regions.
2、Methods and Fertilizer Types for Phosphorus Application in Citrus Trees
This comprehensive guide delves into the world of citrus fertilization, exploring the best fertilizer choices, application methods, and essential considerations to help you nurture your citrus trees to their full potential.
3、Managing Phosphorus for Citrus Yield and Fruit Quality in Developing
Soils planted to citrus require intensive nutrient management to maximize fruit yield and quality. Traditionally, orchards receive ≈40 kg phosphorus (P) per ha at planting followed by applications of up to 100 kg·ha −1 P per year until they enter the fruit-bearing years after age 4.
4、Managing Phosphorus for Citrus Yield and Fruit Quality in Developing
sub-sequently calibrating a P soil test for citrus yield and fresh fruit quality. Materials and Methods This experiment was conducted in a new citrus orchard planted on a previously non-cultiv.
5、Comprehensive evaluation of using mineral and bio phosphorus
But in the present study, the effect of phosphorus fertilization in different sources and rates, as well as bio phosphorus fertilization on citrus fruit yield and quality were evaluated simultaneously.
Managing Phosphorus Fertilization of Citrus using Soil Testing1
The purpose of this publication is to provide a brief review of phosphorus (P) fertilization practices in citrus production and the use of soil testing in citrus P fertilization, and to outline a comprehensive soil test P calibration experiment being carried out in the flatwoods of southwest Florida.
Effects of phosphorus on fruit soluble sugar and citric acid
Researchers have tried to develop the methods to improve fruit quality, but compared with the cultivation of new varieties and the interaction of rootstock and scion, rational fertilization is an effective method to improve the fruit quality.
Effects of Fertilization Approaches on Plant Development and
A pot experiment for the fertilization approaches and fertigation levels were conducted in this study. Four fertilization approaches, namely, drip fertigation (DF), broadcast fertilization (CK+), hole fertilization (HF) and pour fertilization (PF) were tested.
Managing Phosphorus for Citrus Yield and Fruit Quality in
No calibrated phosphorus (P) soil test exists to guide Florida citrus fertilization. Applying P fertilizer to citrus when it is not needed is wasteful and may cause undesirable P enrichment of adjacent surface water.
Phosphorus application improved the yield of citrus plants grown for
Few studies investigate the main effects and interactions of N, P, and K and how these fertilizations affect the yield and quality of citrus by removing other constraints of plant growth in the long run beyond by improving soil nutrient availability.
Phosphorus fertilization is a critical step in citrus production, playing a vital role in growth, flowering, and fruit development. Phosphorus promotes root development, enhances stress resistance, and improves fruit quality and yield. Below are key methods for applying phosphorus fertilizers to citrus:
1. Base Fertilization
- Organic Fertilizer Integration: Before planting, incorporate organic materials (e.g., farmyard manure, chicken manure) containing phosphorus into the soil to provide immediate phosphorus reserves.
- Mixing and Application: Combine phosphorus fertilizers with organic matter, spread uniformly in planting holes, cover with soil, and irrigate to ensure adequate absorption.
2. Topdressing
- Timing and Methods: Apply supplemental phosphorus during growth periods based on plant needs and soil tests. Use foliar spraying or soil topdressing:
- Foliar Spraying: Use water-soluble phosphorus solutions (e.g., potassium dihydrogen phosphate) to boost photosynthesis and nutrient uptake, ideal for early and vigorous growth stages.
- Soil Topdressing: Dissolve phosphorus fertilizers in water and apply around the tree, then cover with soil and irrigate. Suitable for late growth stages when phosphorus demand decreases.
3. Combining Organic and Synthetic Fertilizers
- Synergy: Blend organic fertilizers with synthetic phosphorus (e.g., phosphate rock powder + organic matter) to enhance efficiency.
- Balanced Nutrient Ratios: Maintain proper N-P-K proportions to avoid nutrient imbalance. Limit synthetic fertilizer use to prevent soil salinization and water pollution.
4. Soil Amendment Integration
- Improve Soil Structure: Use soil conditioners (e.g., lime, gypsum, diatomaceous earth) with phosphorus fertilizers to boost water/nutrient retention and phosphorus availability.
- Caution: Avoid overapplication of amendments to prevent pH imbalances.
5. Crop Rotation and Intercropping
- Soil Health: Rotate or intercrop with compatible plants to reduce pest/disease risks and retain soil nutrients. This improves organic matter and soil structure, benefiting citrus.
- Compatibility: Choose crops that complement citrus to minimize cross-pest issues.
6. Timing Considerations
- Growth Stage Adjustment: Apply more phosphorus during early and vigorous growth phases; reduce intake during late stages to avoid compromising fruit quality.
- Weather and Moisture: In dry seasons, fertilize morning/evening to prevent root burn. In rainy periods, extend application windows for optimal absorption.
7. Application Techniques
- Avoid Root Damage: Dissolve fertilizers before applying to prevent direct contact with roots. Water thoroughly after application.
- Monitor Plant Response: Observe growth and soil moisture regularly. Address phosphorus deficiencies promptly if symptoms arise (e.g., stunted growth, purplish leaves).
Effective phosphorus management requires integrating growth stages, soil conditions, and climate. Scientific fertilization practices and sustainable agricultural strategies can significantly enhance citrus yield, quality, and environmental resilience.
