1、Agrochemical pollution: A serious threat to environmental health

Fertilizer and pesticide pollution pose significant threats to soil, water, air, and both animal and human health. The direct and indirect effects of these agrochemicals on ecosystems are well documented.

2、Effects of Foliar Fertilization: a Review of Current Status and Future

Foliar fertilizer application after soil fertilization is an effective method to increase the contents of trace elements in crops and crop yield, and to improve the soil environment. However, the application of inorganic foliar fertilizer results in difficulties in nutrient absorption and migration in plants.

3、Effects of Foliar Fertilization: a Review of Current Status and Future

Foliar fertilizer application after soil fertilization is an effective method to increase the contents of trace elements in crops and crop yield, and to improve the soil environment. However, the application of inorganic foliar fertilizer results in difficulties in nutrient absorption and migration in plants.

4、Foliar Application of Manganese

The results showed that the application of five types of foliar fertilizers can lead to an increase in wheat yield, an inhibition of the transfer of cadmium to the edible parts of wheat, and a reduction in the human health risk (THQ).

5、How Do Fertilizers Negatively Impact the Environment?

Beyond oxygen depletion, some types of algae produce harmful algal blooms (HABs). These blooms can release toxins that contaminate drinking water, sicken or kill marine animals, and even pose risks to human health through recreational exposure or consumption of contaminated seafood.

Fertilizer & Manure Harm to Biodiversity

Like most problems stemming from high levels of nutrient pollution, industrial animal ag is the key driver of dead zones, caused primarily by factory farm manure and fertilizers on feed crops.

Harmful Impact of Synthetic Fertilizers on Growing Agriculture and

Regular application of chemical fertilizers can alter soil pH, increase resistance in pests, acidification of soil crust resulting in decreased organic matter and stunted plant growth. Hence, Long-term persistence of chemical fertilizers in the soil harms the biodiversity of soil.

Foliar application protected vegetable against poisonous element

In this study, four foliar fertilizers were applied to investigate their effects on the production, Cd accumulation and human health risk assessment of two varieties of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), respectively.

Effects of Foliar Fertilization: a Review of Current Status and Future

This study reviews and discusses the effects and problems associated with sugar alcohol–containing chelated fertilizers and foliar fertilizers.

Recent Trends in Foliar Nanofertilizers: A Review

Foliar fertilization is a popular way to satisfy the needs of higher plants. Because of its small application dose, faster nutrient uptake than soil application and relatively less environmental pollution, foliar fertilization is more popular among plants.

Foliar fertilizers can harm animals primarily through the following mechanisms:

1. Nutrient Excess: Foliar fertilizers typically contain high levels of nutrients like nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). Excessive use can lead to nutrient imbalances in animals. For example:

   • Excess nitrogen may cause excessive protein accumulation, disrupting bone and muscle development.
   • Overly high phosphorus levels can alter the calcium-phosphorus ratio, impairing bone health.
   • Excess potassium may disturb the sodium-potassium balance, affecting cardiac function.

2. Toxicity: Some foliar fertilizers contain toxic substances, such as heavy metals or organic pesticides. These can poison animals, potentially leading to organ damage (e.g., liver/kidney failure from heavy metals) or neurological harm (e.g., from pesticides), even death in severe cases.

3. Allergic Reactions: Certain ingredients in foliar fertilizers may trigger allergic responses in animals, such as itching or skin irritation. Prolonged exposure could weaken the immune system, causing long-term health issues.

4. Environmental Contamination: Overuse of foliar fertilizers can pollute soil and water, degrading habitats. Nutrient runoff may also disrupt ecosystems by promoting algal blooms or soil acidification.

5. Hormonal Disruption: Growth hormones (e.g., auxins, gibberellins) in some fertilizers can interfere with animals’ endocrine systems, causing growth abnormalities or delayed sexual maturation.

6. Antibiotic Resistance: Long-term use of fertilizers containing antibiotics may accelerate resistance in animal populations, complicating disease treatment.

7. Biodiversity Loss: Excessive fertilizer application can degrade soil quality, disrupting ecological balance and threatening other organisms’ survival.

Mitigation Measures:

1. Rational Application: Use fertilizers based on animals’ nutritional needs and growth stages to avoid overdosing.
2. Safe Product Selection: Choose certified, non-toxic fertilizers free from heavy metals or harmful chemicals.
3. Environmental Monitoring: Regularly test soil and water for pollutants after application.
4. Strategic Timing: Avoid fertilizing during extreme weather to prevent nutrient loss.
5. Farmer Education: Train farmers on scientific fertilization practices to reduce misuse.

while foliar fertilizers pose risks to animals, these can be minimized through careful usage, environmental awareness, and proper product selection.