1、On the Role of Iodine in Plants: A Commentary on Benefits of This

In the marine environment, algae (especially brown algae) and phytoplankton are I hyperaccumulators, helping to convert iodate (IO 3–) into iodide (I –), the most absorbable form for terrestrial plants (Chance et al., 2007).

2、Frontiers

Some studies report beneficial effects of iodine, including better growth, and changes in the tolerance to stress and antioxidant capacity, while other studies report that the applications of iodine cause no response or even have adverse effects.

3、A review of iodine in plants with biofortification: Uptake

Iodine is a redox-sensitive element that can exist in various chemical states, which makes the iodine cycle in marine-atmosphere-land system extremely complex.

Iodine: an emerging biostimulant of growth and stress responses in

Iodine is one such non-essential element that, at low concentrations, exhibits positive effects on plant growth. In this review, we discuss the effects of iodine on plants including its uptake and transportation, and the current understanding of the pathways responsible for its functioning as a biostimulant.

Iodine in Plants: An Overlooked Micronutrient with Emerging Importance

This article explores the biochemical roles, sources, applications, and potential benefits of iodine in plant systems, as well as its implications for agriculture and food security.

Iodine in agriculture

Adding iodine to fertiliser in low amounts can be beneficial for biomass production. The crop can accumulate the iodine in the harvested produce, and this has the added benefit of increasing the amount of iodine in the human and animal diet.

Controlled

To clarify the effects of newly developed controlled-release iodine fertilizer (CRIF) on enhancing lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) iodine accumulation, improving the physiological traits, and reducing iodine leaching from soil, a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted.

Iodine biofortification of wheat, rice and maize through fertilizer

Positive effects of iodine applications on growth and development of various crops have been found after applications of relatively low doses of iodine (Medrano-Macias et al. 2016; Gonzali et al. 2017).

Iodine Biofortification in Plants

By enhancing the capacity of crops to accumulate and retain iodine, researchers seek to improve the nutritional quality of food while concurrently advancing our understanding of plant...

Frontiers

By applying iodine-containing salts or iodine-rich organic materials (e.g., seaweed) to soils, crops are able to increase the absorption and accumulation of this trace element. Iodine in food is readily bioavailable (up to 99%) and can be easily assimilated (Weng et al., 2014).

Iodine fertilizer plays a multifaceted role in crop production, primarily including promoting growth and development, enhancing disease resistance, increasing yield, improving quality, adapting to environmental conditions, and boosting economic benefits. The following provides a detailed explanation:

1. Promoting Growth and Development: Iodine is an essential trace element for plant growth, participating in various physiological processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, and protein synthesis. Appropriate application of iodine fertilizer can stimulate root system development, enhance water and nutrient absorption capabilities, and thereby accelerate crop growth. Additionally, iodine fertilizer helps regulate hormonal balance in plants, ensuring normal reproductive organ development, higher seed-setting rates, and improved seed quality.

2. Enhancing Disease Resistance: Iodine fertilizer strengthens crops' ability to resist pests and diseases. Crops grown in iodine-deficient soils are often more susceptible to infections, while proper iodine supplementation enables plants to accumulate sufficient iodine, boosting their immune response. Furthermore, iodine influences enzyme activity within plants, slowing pathogen growth and reducing the incidence and spread of diseases.

3. Increasing Yield: Moderate iodine application improves crop productivity. Research shows that iodine fertilizer enhances photosynthetic and respiratory efficiency, leading to greater biomass. It also promotes critical reproductive stages, such as branching, flowering, and pollination, which increases seed-setting rates and seed quality, ultimately boosting yields.

4. Improving Quality: Iodine fertilizer elevates crop quality by enhancing antioxidant capacity, reducing harmful substances during growth, and improving safety and nutritional value. it stimulates the synthesis of vitamin C and B-group vitamins, enhancing flavor, taste, and consumer appeal.

5. Adapting to Environmental Conditions: Iodine fertilizer optimizes soil conditions for crop growth. In iodine-poor soils, its application replenishes iodine levels, improving soil fertility, water retention, and nutrient-holding capacity. Additionally, iodine regulates soil pH and microbial activity, fostering healthy root systems and efficient nutrient uptake.

6. Economic Benefits: By increasing yield and quality, iodine fertilizer enhances farmers' income. Given the widespread prevalence of iodine-deficient regions, its use meets market demands. Advances in agricultural technology have also streamlined iodine application methods, expanding its efficiency and adoption in farming.

Iodine fertilizer offers significant benefits for crops, including growth promotion, disease resistance, yield increase, and quality improvement. Rational application is crucial for maximizing agricultural productivity. excessive use may lead to soil or environmental contamination. adherence to standards and guidelines ensures safe and effective utilization of iodine fertilizer.