1、Frontiers

Therefore, in order to improve the effect of microorganism's application in saline-alkali soil, it is necessary to screen out and select highly tolerant PSMs in saline-alkali soil during the process, and to use other technologies to maintain the activity of PSMs and their effect.

2、Optimizing Phosphorus Fertilization for Enhanced Yield and

The innovations of this study lie in its focus on phosphorus management specifically under saline–alkali soil conditions, its integration of soil nutrient changes and plant physiological responses, and its identification of the optimal phosphorus application threshold for balancing yield improvement and nutrient efficiency.

3、Exploring the Impact of Biochar and Phosphate Fertilizers on Phosphorus

This study examines how biochar combined with phosphate fertilizers enhances phosphorus availability in saline-alkali soils.

4、Amelioration effects of coastal saline

There is a great demand for amelioration of coastal saline-alkali soil, which requires efficient and economical amendments. Biochar has been proven to be a promising soil amendment and newly modified biochar is competitive for amelioration of coastal saline-alkali soil.

Construction of Phosphate

The fresh weight of roots and stems increased by 73.34% and 116.6%, respectively. In conclusion, the phosphorus containing soil conditioner prepared by PSMC and PG can effectively improve the soil environment of saline-alkali soil and promote the resource utilization of saline alkali soil.

The combined application of salt

Therefore, in order to improve the effect of microorganism's application in saline-alkali soil, it is necessary to screen out and select highly tolerant PSMs in saline-alkali soil during the process, and to use other technologies to maintain the activity of PSMs and their effect.

Effect of combined nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on

Soil salinization limits food production and land use efficiency. Proper nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer application can improve saline soils, but the optimal ratio under saline-alkali conditions is unclear.

The effect of combined application of biochar and phosphate fertilizers

This study investigated the effects of combining Phragmites australis-based biochar, prepared at 400 °C, with various types of phosphate fertilizers-soluble, insoluble, and organic-on the content and transformation of phosphorus fractions in saline-alkali soil.

Phosphorus adsorption characteristics and release risk in saline soils

Therefore, clarifying the risk of phosphorus release in saline soils is of great significance for agricultural development as well as for promoting food security.

The combined application of salt

Salt-alkali soil, characterized by the accumulation of salt in the surface layer and an excessively high pH level, can be broadly categorized into three types: saline-alkali soil, alkaline soil, and saline-alkali soil.

Saline-alkali soil, also known as salinized or alkalized land, refers to soil containing excessive salts or alkaline substances, which hinder plant growth. Such soil is a common issue in agricultural production, as its high salt and alkalinity levels negatively impact crop growth, yield, and quality.

Phosphate fertilizers play a vital role in helping plants absorb nutrients and promoting growth. their direct application on saline-alkali soil may not be suitable. The already adverse soil conditions could worsen if large amounts of phosphate fertilizers are added, potentially increasing soil salinization and alkalinity.

How can phosphate fertilizers be used rationally on saline-alkali soil? Here are some recommendations:

1. Choose appropriate phosphate fertilizer types: Select phosphate fertilizers that help reduce soil salinity and alkalinity, such as monoammonium phosphate (MAP) or diammonium phosphate (DAP). These options can improve soil conditions while providing essential nutrients.

2. Control application rates: Due to the challenging nature of saline-alkali soil, phosphate fertilizer usage should be limited. A typical dosage is 5–10 kilograms per mu (approx. 0.067 hectares). Excessive use may elevate soil salt and alkaline levels, harming plant growth.

3. Combine with other fertilizers: Use phosphate fertilizers alongside nitrogen, potassium, and other nutrient sources to ensure balanced nutrition for plants.

4. Optimize fertilization methods: Apply fertilizers scientifically. Spring and autumn are critical growth periods for plants, making them ideal times for fertilization. Avoid broadcasting phosphate fertilizers directly onto the soil surface to prevent contamination and waste.

5. Monitor soil conditions regularly: While using phosphate fertilizers, periodically test soil salinity and pH. If soil conditions deteriorate, adjust fertilization strategies promptly to safeguard plant health.

while phosphate fertilizers can benefit plant growth on saline-alkali soil, careful application is essential. By selecting suitable fertilizer types, controlling rates, combining nutrients, optimizing methods, and monitoring soil health, phosphate fertilizers can effectively support agriculture in challenging environments.