1、Direct synthesis of urea from carbon dioxide and ammonia

Urea is an essential fertilizer needed to meet the global demand for food. Currently, its production rate by reaction of carbon dioxide with ammonia is slow and the energy demand is high.

2、Advances in CO2 Capture Materials: From Strategies to CO2‐Based

CCU, often referred to as carbon utilization, involves capturing CO₂ from industrial processes and redirecting it into various applications such as products, materials, or energy rather than simply storing or releasing it into the atmosphere.

3、Insights into CO2 and N2O emissions driven by applying biochar and

Herein, we conducted batch experiments to study the effects and mechanisms of rice straw biochar application (produced at 300, 500, and 700 °C) on net greenhouse gas emissions (CO2, N 2 O, CH 4) in upland soils under different forms of nitrogen fertilizers.

4、Research develops fertilizer from carbon dioxide, waste nitrogen

The process, which includes converting carbon dioxide and waste nitrogen by using a hybrid catalyst made of zinc and copper, could benefit water treatment facilities by reducing their carbon footprint and supplying a potential revenue stream.

The Role of Nitrogen Fertilization in Enhancing Soil Carbon

While nitrogen addition can stimulate microbial activity, leading to increased carbon dioxide emissions, it also promotes plant growth and biomass accumulation, thereby contributing to enhance soil organic matter.

NITROGENOUS FERTILIZERS: MANUFACTURING PROCESS, PROPERTIES AND THEIR

Most of the crop plants prefer nitrogen in nitrate form; but paddy and few other higher plants.

Direct synthesis of urea from carbon dioxide and ammonia

Urea is an essential fertilizer needed to meet the global demand for food. Currently, its production rate by reaction of carbon dioxide with ammonia is slow and the energy demand is high. Here we discuss strategies to overcome these challenges. ...

An Overview of N2O Emissions from Cropping Systems and Current

N2O formation in the soil occurs mainly through nitrification and denitrification processes, which are influenced by soil moisture, temperature, oxygen concentration, pH, and the amount of available organic carbon and nitrogen.

Nitrogen Fertilizer

Nitrogen fertilizers are one of the chemical fertilizers used in the form of a gas or liquid, after a certain period these are converted into salts (ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, and ammonium nitrate) (Michalski et al., 2015).

From Industry to Farm: The Production of Nitrogen Fertilizers

After ammonia is produced, it can be further processed into different types of nitrogen fertilizers. Urea: Urea is one of the most commonly used nitrogen fertilizers. It is produced by reacting ammonia with carbon dioxide in a two - step process.

The process of converting carbon dioxide into nitrogen fertilizer involves a complex series of chemical reactions and steps. This process, commonly known as photosynthesis, is a natural phenomenon in plant growth. In agriculture, this process can be artificially controlled and optimized to achieve efficient and environmentally friendly nitrogen fertilizer production. The following details outline the conversion process:

1. Carbon Dioxide Absorption: Initially, carbon dioxide is collected from the atmosphere and transported to agricultural production areas. This can be achieved using large-scale carbon capture equipment (such as carbon capture and storage technology) or by improving existing agricultural facilities.

2. Conversion of Carbon Dioxide: Within agricultural facilities, the collected carbon dioxide is mixed with water vapor to form carbonic acid. Heating then decomposes the carbonic acid, releasing carbon dioxide and oxygen. During this process, carbon dioxide is transformed into a more utilizable form.

3. Ammonia Generation: In agricultural facilities, high-temperature gases produced by burning coal or other fuels react with carbonic acid to generate ammonia. This reaction can be represented as:

   4CO + 5H2O + O2 → 4NH3 + 3CO2 + 4H2O

   In this reaction, four carbon monoxide molecules react with five water molecules to produce four ammonia molecules, three carbon dioxide molecules, and four water molecules as byproducts.

4. Nitrogen Fertilizer Production: Finally, the generated ammonia combines with nitrogen gas from the air to form nitrogen fertilizer. This process can be represented as:

   4NH3 + N2 → 2N2 + 6H2O

   Here, four ammonia molecules combine with two nitrogen molecules to produce two nitrogen molecules and six water molecules as byproducts.

5. Water Recycling: Throughout the process, the produced water vapor can be recycled and reused for agricultural irrigation, enabling water cycle utilization.

6. Energy Consumption: Within agricultural facilities, significant energy is required to maintain temperature and provide power. this process necessitates minimizing energy consumption, such as by improving energy efficiency and utilizing renewable energy sources.

7. Environmental Impact: Although converting carbon dioxide into nitrogen fertilizer reduces greenhouse gas emissions, the process still generates some carbon emissions. Hence, measures in policy, technology, and economics are needed to mitigate environmental impacts.

the conversion of carbon dioxide into nitrogen fertilizer is a complex chemical process involving multiple reactions and steps. By rationally controlling and optimizing this process, efficient and eco-friendly nitrogen fertilizer production can be realized, significantly contributing to sustainable agricultural development.