1、Plant growth promoting microbes: Diverse roles for sustainable and

To overcome all these problems, there is need to shift towards sustainable agricultural practices like application of Plant Growth Promoting Microbes (PGPMs) instead of conventional chemical fertilizers restoring the agro-ecosystems.

2、Interplay between nitrogen fertilization and plant growth

In this study, we explored the potential of using two plant-beneficial rhizobacteria, Pseudomonas protegens B21-024 and Bacillus pumilus LBUM494, alone and in combination, to promote the growth of field-grown lettuce plants under varying nitrogen fertilization conditions.

3、Transcriptional regulation of nitrogen

Nitrogen is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and basic metabolic processes. The application of nitrogen-containing fertilizer increases yield, which has been a substantial...

Role of Nitrogen for Plant Growth and Development: A review

When nitrogen is properly assimilated and plants are nourished by the right nitrogen source, it will significantly increase plant quality and plant yield (Leghari et al., 2016).

How Nitrogen Affects Plant Growth

Plants with adequate nitrogen develop lush foliage due to enhanced cell division and elongation. Leaves tend to be larger, thicker, and darker green because of increased chlorophyll content. In contrast, nitrogen-deficient plants exhibit stunted growth with smaller leaves.

Role of Nitrogen in Plant Growth and Development

At the individual plant level, nitrogen has a wide range of effects on plant growth and shape, while photosynthetic rates strongly correlate with tissue N concentrations, largely attributable to the need for large amounts of the CO 2 fixing enzyme, Rubisco.

How the soil nitrogen nutrient promotes plant growth—a critical

In this review, we summarize the role of forms of nitrogen and plant growth-promoting microbes as a biofertilizer whose implementation in fields shapes plant development and crop production.

A Comprehensive Study on Nitrogen Fixation and Growth and Development

Legumes are important nitrogen fixers that play significant roles in agricultural sustainability and ecosystem functioning. This review studied the relationship between nitrogen fixation and growth & development regulation in legumes.

Frontiers

PGPM improve plant growth by enhancing the availability of nutrients, the regulation of phytohormones, and by increasing plant tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses.

Nutrient Dynamics and Fertilizer Effects on Plant Growth

Macronutrients are indispensable to plant growth, forming the structural and biochemical foundation of plant tissues. These nutrients include nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, often referred to as the N-P-K triad, and are required in substantial quantities.

Promoting lush plant growth involves more than just nitrogen fertilizer; it requires the combined effects of various nutrients. In agricultural production, nitrogen fertilizer is one of the most important fertilizers, playing a significant role in plant growth. besides nitrogen, other essential elements such as phosphorus, potassium, and trace minerals also play crucial roles in promoting plant growth.

Nitrogen fertilizer is a primary nutrient for plant growth, primarily providing the nitrogen plants need to thrive. Nitrogen is a key component in the synthesis of proteins, chlorophyll, enzymes, and other biomolecules, and it plays a vital role in photosynthesis and respiration. appropriate application of nitrogen fertilizer can enhance plant growth and development, improving yield and quality. excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer can lead to rapid plant growth, making it susceptible to pests and diseases, and may even cause plant death.

Phosphorus fertilizer is another critical nutrient for plant growth, mainly promoting root development and flower bud differentiation by providing phosphorus. Phosphorus is essential for cell division and elongation, playing an important role in plant growth, development, and stress resistance. Thus, proper application of phosphorus fertilizer can improve a plant's disease resistance and stress tolerance, fostering healthy growth. excessive phosphorus application can lead to soil acidification and salinization, affecting soil structure and function.

Potassium fertilizer is the third key nutrient for plant growth, primarily aiding root development and fruit quality by providing potassium. Potassium regulates water balance and osmotic pressure within plants, crucial for growth, development, and stress resistance. appropriate potassium application enhances a plant's stress and disease resistance, promoting healthy growth. excessive potassium can increase soil solution concentration, disrupting normal nutrient uptake.

Trace elements like iron, manganese, zinc, copper, and boron are also essential for plant growth, participating in various biochemical reactions. For example, iron is a critical component of chlorophyll, and its deficiency leads to leaf yellowing; manganese is central to enzyme activity, affecting photosynthesis and respiration; zinc is part of growth hormones, and its deficiency slows growth; copper catalyzes photosynthesis, impacting efficiency; boron is involved in hormone function, and its deficiency impairs growth. Thus, proper application of trace elements improves stress and disease resistance, supporting healthy plant growth.

Beyond these major nutrients, secondary elements like calcium, magnesium, and sulfur also play significant roles. Calcium forms the cell wall, and its deficiency causes cell wall breakdown; magnesium is part of chlorophyll, and its deficiency leads to leaf yellowing; sulfur is a protein component, and its deficiency impairs growth. Proper application of these secondary nutrients enhances stress and disease resistance, promoting healthy growth.

promoting lush plant growth involves multiple factors. Besides nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, trace elements, and secondary nutrients all play important roles. In actual agricultural practice, fertilizers should be applied judiciously based on crop type, soil conditions, and environmental factors to achieve optimal results. Additionally, it is essential to avoid over-fertilization and misuse of chemical fertilizers to prevent adverse environmental and health impacts.